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IDRI technology is included in the following Chagas Disease diagnostic products:
- PRISM Chagas assay (Abbott) for screening blood, tissue, and organ donors
- bioElisa Chagas (Biokit) as a diagnostic test
- DiaMed's diagnostic test
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Chagas Diagnostics
The Challenge
Chagas Disease, a tropical disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is primarily transmitted by insect vectors that are found only in the Americas. It can also be transmitted by blood transfusion or from mother to baby during pregnancy. Diagnosis, treatment, and containment of Chagas Disease present a number of challenges:
- Accurate diagnosis to identify who should be treated with anti-parasite drugs
- Effective screens of T. cruzi contamination in donated blood supplies
- Development of an effective vaccine for populations at risk of infection
- Implementation of effective insect vector control procedures in affected areas
Our Solutions
Our scientists focus on better reagents for accurate and rapid diagnostic tests as well as for future vaccines. Tests based on our proprietary recombinant fusion protein, which contains multiple antigenic protein domains from T. cruzi, are currently marketed in the U.S. and in Latin America. These tests were developed in collaboration with corporate partners such as Inbios (Trypanosome Detect™), and support accurate diagnosis of Chagas Disease in suspected individuals so that appropriate drug therapy can be initiated.
Our same technology has also been incorporated into a screen to prevent T. cruzi contamination in blood supplies. In May 2010, the U.S. FDA approved the ABBOTT PRISM Chagas assay for screening blood, tissue, and organ donors. Blood donations in Latin American countries where Chagas is endemic have undergone screening for many years. Now countries such as the U.S. that have growing immigrant populations from endemic areas are recognizing the threat and recommending testing of all donated blood and tissues.
We continue to develop new antigenic proteins and to collaborate with our corporate partners on improved diagnostic tests to advance patient care as well as to protect our blood and tissue supplies.
Publications
Houghton RL, Stevens YY, Guderian J, Okamoto M, Kabir M, Reed, SG, Leiby DA, Morrow WJW, Raychaudhuri S. 2009. Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection with High Correlation to the Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay. Clin. Vac. Immunol. 16(4): 515—520.
Ferreira, A.W., Z.R. Belem, E.A. Lemos, S.G. Reed, and A. Campos-Neto. 2001. LemEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serological diagnosis of Chagas' Disease employing a Trypanosoma cruzi recombinant antigen that consists of four different peptides. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:4390-4395.
Houghton, R.L., D.R. Benson, L. Reynolds, P. McNeill, P. Sleath, M. Lodes, Y.A.W. Skeiky, R. Badaro, A.U. Krettlie and S.G. Reed. 2000. Multiepitope synthetic peptide and recombinant protein for the detection of antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi in patients with treated or untreated Chagas' disease. J. Infect. Dis. 181:325-330.
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